Elevators are an indispensable part of our daily lives, and traction systems are the basic structure of elevators, It is composed of traction machine, traction wire rope, guide wheel and reverse rope wheel. Below I will introduce their role in detail and popularity.

  1. The traction machine, also known as the elevator host, is the power equipment of the elevator, which is composed of motor, brake, coupling, reduction box, traction sheave, frame and guide wheel and auxiliary disc rider wheel. Its function is to convey and transmit power to make the elevator run. I’ll put a picture out and everyone will understand.

2.The traction wire rope is generally a circular strand-like structure, mainly composed of steel wire, rope strands and rope core. The wire rope strands are twisted by several steel wires, which are the basic strength units of the wire rope; The rope strands are twisted by steel wire, each strand has the same diameter, and the more strands, the higher the fatigue strength. Elevators are generally used 3.4.5.6, 7, 8.9.10. Traction machine wire rope diameters from 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12.7, 13, 14, 16, 19. 

Due to the high elongation of the traction wire rope, when the elevator is lowered, a large amount of wire rope tension will be generated, preventing the impact of the elevator and reducing the damage that may be caused by the impact. In addition, the traction wire rope can also significantly reduce the noise of sudden movement, so as to improve the accuracy of collision resistance and ensure the driving comfort of the elevator. You can take a look at the example diagram.

3.  Guide wheel: The two ends of the pulling wire are connected to the car and the counterweight respectively, and rely on the friction between the wire rope and the pulling wheel to drive the Counterweight to lift and lower.The function is to separate the spacing between the car and the counterweight, and the use of the compound type can also increase the pulling force. Here is an example.

4. The traction sheave is the rope wheel of the traction machine, also known as the traction rope wheel or drive rope wheel;It is a device for elevator to transfer traction power, using the friction force between the traction wire rope and the rope groove on the traction sheave edge to transfer power.

They work together,the two ends of the traction wire rope are respectively connected to the car and the counterweight, and are wound on the traction sheave and guide wheel, and the traction motor rotates to drive the traction sheave to rotate, and the friction between the driving wire rope and the traction sheave generates traction, and the drag car and the weight move relative to each other. That is, the car rises and the counterweight falls; The car is lowered and the counterweight rises. Therefore, the car runs back and forth along the track in the hoistway, and the elevator achieves the purpose of transportation. The relative movement of the car and the counterweight energy is achieved by the friction between the traction rope and the traction sheave. This force is called gravity or drive. Below I will give a picture for you to see more clearly.

It is believed that most ordinary people will subconsciously think that it is the result of all the broken wire ropes when they encounter the rapid fall of the elevator, but since the birth of the elevator, there has never been an incident of the wire rope breaking causing personnel to fall into the elevator. There are only one situations in which the elevator fall 1. The elevator suddenly loses power and the elevator loses control. 2. The elevator is faulty and descends abnormally. 3. The starting speed of the elevator downward is too fast, and a strong sense of weightlessness is instantly produced.

With the innovation and improvement of the elevator industry, there have been few elevator falls and elevator cars do not arrive at the hall door but first open the situation that causes people to fall into the elevator shaft and die, even if the power failure elevator will have backup power to support people to the floor, even if most of the traction system is damaged, the elevator exterior also has a speed limiter, safety gear, buffer, electromagnetic brake and other protective devices.

When we really encounter elevator failure, how should we carry out scientific and effective self-rescue ?

Situation one: The elevator suddenly falls. We can press the buttons on all the remaining floors and stand in a corner of the elevator car, then crouch down with our hands behind our heads. Situation two: The elevator suddenly loses power. When the elevator stops in the shaft, press the yellow alarm button on the panel of the control box, and press the telephone button at the same time, and inform the duty room personnel in the telephone button, tell them your specific location, and wait for rescue. Some elevators will have a separate elevator intercom phone, so you can pick up the phone and call the duty room personnel directly. In the process of waiting, keep a steady breath, do not shout, otherwise it will consume the oxygen in the car.

The above is the basic introduction of the basic structure of the elevator and the elevator incident, please forward it to more people around you, so that they can also understand more common sense of the elevator, so as not to encounter misfortune one day, but also to maintain calm and self-help.

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